The credit card is made of many plastic layers, laminated together. The center is commonly made from a plastic resin known as polyvinyl chloride acetate (PVCA). This resin is then mixed with other materials, such as dyes and plasticizers to give it the appropriate look and feel.
A variety of inks or dyes, in various colors, are also used for printing credit cards. These inks and dyes are especially made for use on plastic. Special magnetic ink is also available to print the magnetic stripe (magstripe) on the rear side of the card. The inks are made by dispersing metal oxide particles in the appropriate solvents. Card issuers, such as VISA, which have their own holograms, use additional special printing processes which are involved for cards, like VISA, with featured holograms.
The manufacturing of the credit card takes place in the following steps:
1. Plastic compounding and molding: The plastic for the core sheet is made my melting PVCA with other materials. This molten mixture is put in the appropriate molding equipment, and is flattened to the right thickness by passing it through rollers. This sheet is then allowed to cool down.
2. Printing: Each...
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