The telltale sniffles. Ear infections. Sore throats. Picking up an ailment at school is practically a rite of passage for children nowadays. But it’s important that you don’t simply brush off these recurring illnesses as normal childhood health problems. A serious underlying disease might be to blame.
Primary Immunodeficiency, or PI, is a genetic defect that can compromise a child’s immune system, leading to an increased susceptibility to certain infectious illnesses. There are more than 100 types of PI; each has somewhat different symptoms, depending on which parts of the immune system are affected. Some deficiencies are deadly, while others are mild.
In children with PI, usual childhood illnesses occur frequently and can drag on and become chronic despite the use of antibiotics. If a child suffers from eight or more ear infections or two or more serious sinus infections within a year, he or she could have an underlying PI. Other warning signs are failure to gain weight or grow normally and a family history of PI.
While there are more than 1 million children and young adults in the United States affected by PI, experts estimate that 50...