Restructuring Of Soldiers After The Marius Reforms

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Probably the most well-known and biggest reform of the army was the total restructuring of the soldiers, command structure, battle formations, and equipping of the legionnaire. This only continued to advance the might of the army. By the time of Augustus, when the classical legion most associate with the Roman army came into full force, the Imperial Army of Rome became the most powerful military in the ancient world. This can be attributed to the numerous upgrades the army underwent during the time of Marius into the reign of Augustus and beyond.

Previously, the Velites, Hastati, Principes, and Triarii each served different purposes in battle and had to provide their own weapons and armor, which varied in quality and appearance. During the first century A.D. they were made into a unified fighting force by Marius and Augustus, with uniform weapons and armor equipped with the wealth provided by the state. After the reforms, the pre-Marius soldiers were restructured into two main groups: legionnaires and auxilia. Citizens of the Roman Empire were recruited into the legions (backbone heavy infantry), while non-citizens made up the auxilia (support and specialized...

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