Early this year, a pair of professional divers uncovered a new landmark beneath Cancun and the Yucatan Peninsula. After years of searching and thousands of dives, Steve Bogaerts and his dive partner, Robbie Schmittner, were able to find a connection between two massive underwater cave systems. Bogaerts and Schmittner performed more than 500 dives of several hours over a course of four years to connect the worlds second-longest (Sistema Sac Actun) and third-longest underwater caves (Sistema Nohoch Nah Chich). Since then, the Sistema Sac Actun (White Cave System) has assumed the title of the worlds largest underwater cave. At over 95 miles in length, Sac Actun also stands as the ninth-largest cave in the world, including all dry cave systems.
As underground waterways of this size are certainly rare, the development of the cave system over thousands of years provides an equally interesting story. Several unique factors play a role in the creation of the areas sinkholes and eventually the underground rivers. The stretch of the Yucatan Peninsula known as the Riviera Maya rests on a base of porous limestone, a stone that allows rainwater to easily enter the underground cave...