The back muscles are attached to the spine. The spine consist of bones called vertebrae. The vertebrae are joined together by the facet joints. Softer disks separate the vertebrae. They allow the spine to bend and flex.
They also act as cushion in between the vertebrae and absorb shock and vibration produced by walking and running. Nerves connecting the brain to the body make up the spinal cord.The vertebrae protect the spinal cord.
Nerves branch off from the spinal cord to various organs and muscles including those in the arms and legs.The nerves carry instructions from the brain to the muscles, organs, and limbs.They also carry sensations such as pain from different parts of the body to the brain.The spine is joined to the pelvis, or hip, by the sacroiliac joints.
The disks in the back act as cushions between vertebrae.A disk contains a central area called the nucleus pulposus, which means soft center. Disks are usually moist, like a sponge with water in it.As a person gets older, or after a disk gets injured, it starts losing water and becomes stiffer.The disk becomes less useful in cushioning the back.This is known as disk degeneration.
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