Using ultraviolet (UV) light to purify drinking water is a concept that has existed for more than one hundred years. Despite its early beginnings, the science behind UV disinfection is complex. Understanding the fundamentals of how UV is able to purify drinking water requires a relatively deep understanding of physics, chemistry and biology.
The average consumer of this technology rarely has the science background to fully grasp how a “light in a pipe” will be able to protect a water supply from dangerous microorganisms. This often leads to consumer frustration which in many cases is exacerbated by faulty information provided by ill-equipped salespeople.
Often the outcome of this frustration is consumer inaction which is unfortunate because UV systems are an extremely effective and relatively inexpensive way to purify drinking water. The goal of this article is to explain, as simply as possible, the science behind the disinfection of drinking water using ultraviolet light.
UV light refers to wavelengths of light that exist between visible light and x-rays on the electromagnetic spectrum. UV can be broken into three subcategories: UV-A, UV-B, and...