Most Americans are enthusiastic supporters of their own civic rights, but few bother to meet any would-be democrat’s (or any would-be republican’s, if you prefer) number-one responsibility: that of keeping oneself sufficiently literate and well informed to be able to vote rationally and knowledgeably. Mountains of too-long ignored evidence show that the vast majority of our nation’s citizens cannot possibly meet that responsibility — that their functional literacies are so limited that our form of government can’t accurately be called a “democracy.” The word, rather, is “ochlocracy”: government based on the uninformed passions and whims of the mob.
In 1988, the United States Congress mandated a massive study on adult literacy in America. Some of the nation’s most highly esteemed testing and evaluation specialists fanned out across the country, interviewing and testing literally thousands of citizens, young and old, rich and poor, educated and not. The result, published in 1993 as “Adult Literacy in America,” showed that at least 96 percent of America’s adults were unlikely to be able to perform...