Papaver rhoeus L., known as corn or field poppy, is an annual herb native to Europe and Asia. Also known as opium poppy, the species is cultivated extensively in many countries, including Iran, Turkey, Holland, Poland, Yugoslavia, India, Canada, many Asian, Central and South American countries. Poppy seeds are used as a condiment in making baked goods and pastries due to its nutty odor and unique flavor. Poppy oil is widely used as an edible cooking oil. The oil is also used in the manufacture of paints, varnishes, and soaps. Another derivative called opium is further used in the production of morphine, codeine, other alkaloids.
Moreover, Poppy is one of the most important medicinal plants. Traditionally, the dry opium was considered an astringent, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac, diaphoretic, expectorant, narcotic, sedative, and hypnotic. The juice of the poppy contains chemicals known as opiates, from which morphine and heroin are distilled. From the ancient medicinal plants such as the opium poppy emerged other sleep-inducers.
Sleeping aids are nothing new. The bark of mandrake or mandragora was used as a sleep aid, as were the seeds of an herb called henbane....
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