The design of the Uninterruptible Power Supply is determined to a large extent by the required function and what level of critical cover is expected to protect the load .
At the bottom end of the scale are Desk Tops’ the Offline UPS system , generally below 1kVA, as its name suggests it provides an unregulated filtered supply to the load at the same time maintaining the state of charge of the battery by a separate charger.
When the utility mains fails or goes out of tolerance the inverter turns on and is connected to the load via a relay. There is a short break while this operation takes place and the duration of this break is called the transfer time.
The Offline UPS system is not suitable where there are large variations in the local utility mains supply, as the load will be directly affected. To overcome this problem a Line Interactive UPS system can be used, the technology operates in a very similar way to the Offline UPS systems whereas the inverter does not provide supply to the load unless a utility mains failure or brownout has occurred.
The Line Interactive UPS system uses an active voltage regulator (AVR) to control the voltage seen...
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