The interaction between the heat from the sun and the earth’s atmosphere is greatly responsible for the weather of the world. The unequal heating of the earth and the atmosphere’s tendency to reach equilibrium forces the movement of large mass of air. This causes changes in the weather condition.
The tilt in the earth’s axis causes the seasonal variations as different parts of the earth receives varied amount of the sunrays everyday. The Tropical Zone between 23.5 degrees north and 23.5 degrees south receives maximum heat throughout the year. This effects convection. This convection causes the hot air to rise up, form a low pressure and come down again as rainfall.
Until it reaches the tropopause (the juncture of the stratosphere and the troposphere) the hot air keeps moving up. It cannot cross the tropopause. It spreads towards the pole and then cools and sinks down generally in between the 30 degrees north and south. The sinking air produces a high pressure belt which causes dry and sunny climate. The deserts on the earth are located mostly in these zones.
In the zone between the 30 degrees north and south latitudes the sinking air...